Render Template in Django

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unsplash

在网页设计中，要为元素制定class，id等元素，方便css做呈现。使用django forms去生成表单时，如何为form表单的每个field设置相应的元素呢？

在form里添加attrs

参考

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class CommentForm(forms.Form):
    name = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'special'}))
    url = forms.URLField()
    comment = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size': '40'}))

使用django-widget-tweaks

Django-widget-tweaks

安装

安装命令：

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pip install django-widget-tweaks

并添加到settings文件里：

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INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'widget_tweaks',
    ...
]

用法

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{% load widget_tweaks %}

<!-- change input type (e.g. to HTML5) -->
{% render_field form.search_query type="search" %}

<!-- add/change several attributes -->
{% render_field form.text rows="20" cols="20" title="Hello, world!" %}

<!-- append to an attribute -->
{% render_field form.title class+="css_class_1 css_class_2" %}

<!-- template variables can be used as attribute values -->
{% render_field form.text placeholder=form.text.label %}

实例

参照

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{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% load widget_tweaks %}

{% block title %}Start a New Topic{% endblock %}

{% block breadcrumb %}
  <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="{% url 'home' %}">Boards</a></li>
  <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="{% url 'board_topics' board.pk %}">{{ board.name }}</a></li>
  <li class="breadcrumb-item active">New topic</li>
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
  <form method="post" novalidate>
    {% csrf_token %}

    {% for field in form %}
      <div class="form-group">
        {{ field.label_tag }}

        {% render_field field class="form-control" %}

        {% if field.help_text %}
          <small class="form-text text-muted">
            {{ field.help_text }}
          </small>
        {% endif %}
      </div>
    {% endfor %}

    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Post</button>
  </form>
{% endblock %}

集成Bootstrap4的validation

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<form method="post" novalidate>
  {% csrf_token %}

  {% for field in form %}
    <div class="form-group">
      {{ field.label_tag }}

      {% if form.is_bound %}
        {% if field.errors %}

          {% render_field field class="form-control is-invalid" %}
          {% for error in field.errors %}
            <div class="invalid-feedback">
              {{ error }}
            </div>
          {% endfor %}

        {% else %}
          {% render_field field class="form-control is-valid" %}
        {% endif %}
      {% else %}
        {% render_field field class="form-control" %}
      {% endif %}

      {% if field.help_text %}
        <small class="form-text text-muted">
          {{ field.help_text }}
        </small>
      {% endif %}
    </div>
  {% endfor %}

  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Post</button>
</form>

可复用的form表单

  • 基于bootstrap样式的可复用表单
  • 将下列代表保存在template的includes/form.html
  • 使用时使用{% include 'includes/form.html' %}
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{% load widget_tweaks %}

{% if form.non_field_errors %}
  <div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
    {% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
      <p{% if forloop.last %} class="mb-0"{% endif %}>{{ error }}</p>
    {% endfor %}
  </div>
{% endif %}

{% for field in form %}
  <div class="form-group">
    {{ field.label_tag }}

    {% if form.is_bound %}
      {% if field.errors %}
        {% render_field field class="form-control is-invalid" %}
        {% for error in field.errors %}
          <div class="invalid-feedback">
            {{ error }}
          </div>
        {% endfor %}
      {% else %}
        {% render_field field class="form-control is-valid" %}
      {% endif %}
    {% else %}
      {% render_field field class="form-control" %}
    {% endif %}

    {% if field.help_text %}
      <small class="form-text text-muted">
        {{ field.help_text }}
      </small>
    {% endif %}
  </div>
{% endfor %}
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